【什么是宾语从句】宾语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它在句子中充当动词的宾语。理解宾语从句有助于我们更准确地分析和构造复杂的句子结构,尤其是在阅读和写作中。
一、什么是宾语从句?
宾语从句是指在主句中作动词或介词的宾语的从句。它通常由连接词(如 that, whether, if, what, who, when, where, why, how 等)引导,用来补充说明主句中动词或介词所表达的内容。
例如:
- I know that he is coming tomorrow.
(“he is coming tomorrow” 是 “know” 的宾语)
- She asked whether we were ready.
(“we were ready” 是 “asked” 的宾语)
二、宾语从句的构成与特点
| 特点 | 说明 |
| 引导词 | 通常由 that, if, whether, what, who, when, where, why, how 等引导 |
| 语序 | 宾语从句使用陈述语序,不使用疑问语序 |
| 时态一致性 | 主句如果是过去时,从句需用相应的过去时态 |
| 位置 | 宾语从句通常紧跟在主句的动词或介词之后 |
三、常见引导词及用法
| 引导词 | 用法说明 | 例句 |
| that | 引导陈述性从句,常省略 | I believe that he is honest. |
| if / whether | 引导选择性从句,表示“是否” | She wondered if/whether she would pass. |
| what | 引导名词性从句,表示“什么” | Can you tell me what happened? |
| who / whom | 引导人称代词从句 | Do you know who called you? |
| when / where | 引导时间或地点状语从句 | I don’t remember when we met. |
| why / how | 引导原因或方式从句 | He explained why he was late. |
四、宾语从句的注意事项
1. 语序问题:宾语从句必须使用陈述语序,不能用疑问语序。
- ❌ He asked where did he go?
- ✅ He asked where he went.
2. 时态问题:如果主句是过去时,从句也要用过去时态。
- ✅ She said she was tired.
- ❌ She said she is tired.
3. that 的省略:当 that 引导的从句作直接宾语时,可以省略 that。
- ✅ I think (that) he is right.
五、总结
宾语从句是英语中常见的语法现象,它在句子中起到补充说明的作用,使语言表达更加丰富和准确。掌握宾语从句的结构、引导词和语法规则,有助于提高英语理解和表达能力。
| 关键点 | 内容 |
| 定义 | 在主句中作动词或介词宾语的从句 |
| 引导词 | that, if, whether, what, who, when, where, why, how 等 |
| 语序 | 陈述语序 |
| 时态 | 与主句保持一致 |
| 常见错误 | 语序错误、时态不一致、忽略 that |
通过不断练习和积累,你可以更熟练地运用宾语从句,提升自己的英语水平。


